> Mira, Galahad, créeme si te digo que tengo para mí que no necesitaríamos violencia ninguna para resolver los problemas, pero créeme también si te digo que los ataques pacifistas de ahora no son nada comparado con lo ya ensayado. Y sobre los resultados de la propuesta que hacías en tu mensaje sobre lo de Biarritz... mira una muestra:
>
>
>
> SPAIN'S DEATH SQUADS AND THE "DIRTY WAR"
>
>
> Spain and the paramilitary activity
>
> After Franco's death in November 1975, his heir
> King Juan Carlos I suceeded him and a
> parliamentary monarchy was established. Thanks
> to a pact between the Left and the Right, Franco's
> army, his security forces and most of his judiciary
> remained intact. Between 1976 and 1977,
> Spanish Prime Minister Adolofo Suarez granted
> two amnesties. Legislature introduced in 1977
> confered general amnesty and no steps were taken
> to investigate human rights violations committed
> during and after the Spanish civil war and
> prosecute those alleged to be responsible. The
> paramilitary death squads, which were
> introduced by Franquism, continued with their
> activities against Basque dissidents.
>
> First activities of paramilitary groups:
> "Anti-terrorism ETA" (ATE) and the "Christ
> the King Guerrilla Fighters"
>
> During the five years following the end of the
> Spanish civil war in 1939, more than 100,000
> Spanish citizens were executed by Franco's firing
> squads. Torture became common during
> interrogation and living conditions in prisons
> were infrahuman. From 1972 onwards, the dirty
> war turned selective and the Basque Country
> became the target of the Spanish State.
> Mercenaries were recruited by the Spanish police
> and Civil Guard among neofascist groups to carry
> out attacks against Basque refugees in Northern
> Basque Country.
>
> In many occassions the police itself executed the
> attacks against the refugees. The first paid
> assignments were ordered by the Dirección
> General de Seguridad Española (national security
> office) to collect information about the Basque
> refugees and plan the attacks. Candido Acedo
> Perez, Civil Guard captain and former chief of
> the Unidad de Operaciones Especiales (Special
> Operations Unit) of the same police force, was
> the liason between the police cupula, which
> organized the attacks and the mercenaries hired to
> do the job. Navy captain Pedro Martinez trained
> the mercenaries.
>
> ATE was the first paramilitary group to attack
> Basques and Basque property. ATE claimed
> responsibility for several attacks against Basques
> citizens in Iparralde (Northern Basque Country)
> in June 1975. In Hegoalde (Southern Basque
> Country), and particularly in Bizkaia, dozens of
> small buisinesses managed by Basques were
> bombed and the managers intimidated by death
> threats. Another clandestine group, the Grupos
> Anti-terroristas Españoles (GAE, Spanish
> Anti-terrorists Groups), claimed responsibility
> for these attacks.
>
> Statements by government officials, newspaper
> editorials, and Spanish public opinion in general,
> encouraged the activities of the paramilitary
> groups. The following quote is from the speech
> given by Spanish national counselor Garcia
> Ibañez in parliament: "Spaniards think and
> believe that the moment to say enough is enough
> has come; no more indulgence but to accept the
> terrorist challenge; to embark in a greater
> repression, employ the system of violence: a teeth
> for a teeth and eye for an eye until the total
> extermination and annhilation of these criminals
> and anti-Spanish organizations".
>
> A few days after the speech of Garcia Ibañez in
> parliament, the Madrid newspaper El Alcazar
> included the following quote in an editorial: "If
> quick measures are not taken against the criminals
> who find refuge and protection in France, the time
> would come to answer in the same language, even
> when is not to apply that old adagio love is
> reciprocated with love. Is it so technically
> difficult to cross the border in opposite direction
> and execute in situ those who plan with guilty
> impunity their terrorist acts to Spain? What is
> being waited for to make this decision? Perhaps
> the lack of specialists? Or is it a problem of
> stimulus?"
>
> The activity of the paramilitary squads ATE and
> "Christ the King Guerrilla Fighters" in the Basque
> Country became intense. From mid-1975 to the
> end of 1976, these squads committed a total of
> 200 actions, all of which were claimed by them.
> The victims were Basque activists, from
> promoters of Basque schools (Ikastolas), PNV
> militants, to families of the political prisoners
> and refugees. The first victim, Eduardo Moreno
> Bergaretxe, was kidnapped in July 1976 and
> killed.
>
> The "Basque-Spanish Battalion" (BVE)
>
> Shortly after the Spanish constitutional
> referendum of 1978, the Spanish secret service
> directed by Jose Maria Bourgon embarked on one
> of its most ambitious operations: a war against
> Basque militants. In December 1978, a bomb
> placed under his car killed Jose Miguel Beñaran
> Ordeñana, a Basque activist in Iparralde. More
> paramilitary actions followed including a failed
> attempted to kill another Basque activist, Jose
> Manuel Pagoaga in January 1979. ATE and BVE
> as well as two more groups under such names as
> AAA and ANE claimed responsibilites for the
> attacks.
>
> The BVE was born out of ATE. The Spanish
> secret service, SECED (named CESID after
> Franquism) designed and organized BVE, which
> operared freely in the Basque Country thanks to
> the support of some sectors of the French
> government. The mercenary Jean Pierre Cherid
> was a key person in the diry war against Basque
> activists, the creation of the BVE and later, the
> Grupos Anti-terroristas de Liberación (GAL,
> Anti-Terrorist Liberation Groups), which were
> financed by the Spanish government. The BVE
> was composed of members of several European
> neofascist groups who had found refuge and were
> living in Spain at the time GAL was being
> organized.
>
> BVE and ATE also had victims outside the
> Basque Country, among the communities of
> Basque refugees in Latin America. In Venezuela,
> Espe Arana and her husband Jokin Etxeberria
> were killed by mercenaries working for the
> Spanish police. From 1975 to 1980, paramilitary
> squads committed a total of 500 actions, killing
> 38 people and injuring 128. Victims were mainly
> Basque activists, but some actions were directed
> against the Basque population. In January 1980 a
> bomb in the Aldana bar in Barakaldo killed four
> people. In July 1980 an explosive in the
> day-nursing Iturriaga in Zeberio killed four
> people, including a pregnant woman. GAE and
> AAA claimed responsibility for the attacks.
>
> Among the BVE and ATE mercenaries were also
> civil guards working for the police secret service
> under General Andres Cassinello. The BVE had a
> particularity: it claimed to have raped dozens of
> young Basque women, some of which they killed.
> First, the victim was interrogated, then beaten,
> raped and abandoned in the street. Some of the
> cases were uncovered and made public by
> popular initiative. In Bermeo, a civil guard,
> Pedro Garcia Lopez, was identified
